Converting molarity to molality using density: I keep getting 1.67 m instead of 2.38 m. Where is my mistake?
Zoya Khan12th Sample
12 Sept 2026 · 1 min read
I have been staring at this one for almost an hour and I would like to understand it properly rather than memorise a formula.
The problem: a 2 M aqueous solution of glucose ( g/mol) has a density of 1.2 g/mL. Find its molality.
What I did: 2 mol per litre of solution. Mass of 1 L of solution is 1200 g = 1.2 kg. Molality = 2/1.2 = 1.67 m.
The answer given in the book is 2.38 m. I can see the numbers are not very different but the difference is too big to ignore. I suspect I'm dividing by the wrong mass, but I'm not sure which mass is the right one, and why.
I would also like to know if there is a general conversion formula between molarity, molality, mass percent and density, because the NCERT exercises have several of those and I don't want to redo the same reasoning each time. And what is ppm and when is it used (the chapter mentions it)?
If someone can write the solution in a way that I can reuse for any similar question, that would be wonderful.
6 answers & replies
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[+][–]Siddharth RaoDropperSample· 1mo ago
Pick a basis and write out the whole table. This always works. Take 1 L of solution.
- Mass of solution = 1200 g
- Moles of glucose = 2, so mass of glucose = 2 × 180 = 360 g
- Mass of water (solvent) = 1200 − 360 = 840 g = 0.840 kg
- Molality = 2/0.840 = 2.38 m ✓.
You used 1.2 kg, the mass of the whole solution. Molality needs the mass of the solvent only. The same table gives mole fraction too: water = 840/18 = 46.7 mol, so .
[+][–]Zoya Khan12thSample· 1mo agoAuthor
I think I see it. The basis method is going to be my tool from now on. I divided by the whole solution because 'kg' was sitting right there as a number. Thank you everyone, truly.
[+][–]Harsh Gupta12thSample· 1mo ago
General formula I use: where is the density in g/L and the mass %. Just plug in 1200 for d here and you get the molarity directly, cool right? Then molality comes by dividing... I forget, ask someone smarter 😂
[+][–]Ishita GoyalDropperSample· 1mo ago
Harsh, if is in g/L the 10 doesn't belong. With in g/mL (that's how it's given in most problems) and as mass percent:
Derivation of the first one: 100 g of solution contains g of solute, so moles ; volume of that 100 g in litres . Divide: . Put the density in g/L and you inflate it by 1000.
[+][–]Mehak AroraDropperSample· 1mo ago
A worked one using the formulas: conc. sulphuric acid is 98% by mass with density 1.84 g/mL ().
Here molarity is nowhere near molality. That is the point: when the solution is dense or concentrated they are far apart, so you can't use M for m.
[+][–]Rahul DubeyDropperSample· 1mo ago
ppm (parts per million) is for very dilute things, like the amount of a pollutant in water or oxygen dissolved in water:
It's also possible to do volume-based ppm for gases. NCERT mentions it briefly, not a big scoring topic, but it's nice when units are tiny.




